Two-step orthogonal-state-based protocol of quantum secure direct communication with the help of order-rearrangement technique

The Goldenberg-Vaidman (GV) protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) uses orthogonal encoding states of a particle. Its security arises because operations accessible to Eve are insufficient to distinguish the two states encoding the secret bit. We propose a two-particle cryptographic protocol for quantum secure direct communication, wherein orthogonal states encode the secret, and security arises from restricting Eve from accessing any two-particle operations. However, there is a non-trivial difference between the two cases. While the encoding states are perfectly indistinguishable in GV, they are partially distinguishable in the bi-partite case, leading to a qualitatively different kind of information-vs-disturbance trade-off and also options for Eve in the two cases.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, LaTex, Accepted for publication in Quantum Information Processing (2014

Polyelectrolyte multilayer assembly bearing ketoprofen for transdermal delivery

A novel microencapsulation technology based on layer-by-layer assembly has been extensively studied and used for controlled delivery of drug microcrystal having poor aqueous solubility and low bioavailability. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketoprofen (KF)was selected for encapsulation using biodegradable and biocompatible polyions and synergistically the fabricated system was embedded in gel matrix for topical application. Topical application of the drugs at the pathological sites offer potential advantages of delivering the drug directly to the site of action and thus producing high tissue concentrations of the drug

A rare case of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy presented as ruptured ectopic pregnancy

Heterotopic gestation, although common with assisted reproductive techniques, is very rare in natural conception. A high index of suspicion can help in timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention. We report a case of 30 year old patient who was treated for a heterotopic pregnancy. She had taken treatment for genital tuberculosis in the past. The patient presented acutely with a ruptured tubal pregnancy in shock and this was managed by emergency laparotomy. A high index of suspicion is needed in women with risk factors for an ectopic pregnancy and in low risk women who have free fluid with or without an adnexal mass with an intrauterine gestation

An Implementation Tour to AngularJS

Angular Java Script Framework extends the HTML attribute.It easily binds the data to HTML with expression only for adding the Script tag in HTML coding. Angular Java Script Framework is mostly used for making the dynamic web page as well as also increase the web performance. The paper totally revolves around how to create client side applications

Association analysis for yield and related traits in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) under different environmental conditions

Sixteen diverse genotypes of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) were grown in five (E1 to E5) environments which were created by different date of sowing during the rabi seasons at the Vegetable Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar. (29°15?N, 75°69?E) during 2012-13. Observations were recorded on ten randomly selected plants from each genotypes in each replications for characters viz. field emergence index, days to 50 % flowering, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, seed yield (q/ha), test weight, seed germination, seed vigour index-I and II. The estimation of genotypic and phenotypic coefficients (GCV and PCV) variation in all the environments was consistently decreasing with the delaying in sowing date for all the character studied except plant height and test weight indicating that the environmental influence was comparatively more pronounced for these characters in expressing the phenotypic performance of different genotypes. Highest GCV and PCV was estimated as 50.36 % and 55.93 %, respectively for seed vigour index-I in E1. High value of heritability estimated for characters seed yield, seed vigour index-II, seed germination and branches per plant (above 70 %) in E1 revealed that these were less influenced by environment and low heritability estimated for days to 50 % flowering in E2, plant height in E2, seeds per pod in E3, field emergence index in E5 indicated high influence of environment. Based on environmental indices, the environment E2 was most favourable for all the characters studied except field emergence index

Tools and Techniques Used for Prioritizing Test Cases in Regression Testing

Testing is a very expensive task in term of cost, effort and time and it is necessary step of software development because without testing software cannot be completed. Regression testing is a type of software testing which is widely used in software development and maintenance phase; it also occupies a large portion of the software maintenance budget. There are many software testing tools and Technique that is used to test the software program. This research paper defines some testing approach which reduced person effort and time in regression testing. Software systems are change regularly during development and maintenance face. After software is modified regression testing is applied to software to ensure that it behaves intended and modifications not negatively impacts its original functionality. This paper focus on improving the performance of regression testing by using these approach for regression testing by computing coverage data for evolving software using dataflow analysis and execution tracing

Robust Analysis for AODV Protocol in Vehicular Adhoc Network under Black Hole Attack in NS 2

Security is one of biggest challenges in implementing adhoc network like VANET and MANET and it is due to changing behavior of topology of adhoc network. There are possibilities of various attacks like active and passive attack in network to change the real data or to steal the data. There are diverse types of passive attacks which are very dangerous for communication. Black hole attack in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network is major problem related with the field of computer networking. In this paper we present the performance analysis of the black hole attack in Vehicular Ad Hoc Network. We elaborate the different types of attacks and their depth in ad hoc network. The performance metric is taken for the evaluation of attack which depends on a packet end to end delay, network throughput and network load. In our base work black hole attack used in network communication using AODV protocol. As we know there are many issues in VANET and specially security issues. Therefore in our research work we proposed a new protocol which is known as GPSR which has superior result as compared to base work in term of end to end delay, energy consumption, packet delivery ratio, throughput and overhead. Besides this a security algorithm also implemented so that unauthorized person cannot access the authenti

ER, PR, HER2/NEU STATUS AND RELATION TO CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN BREAST CARCINOMA

Objective: The role of hormone receptors as a prognostic and therapeutic tool in breast cancer is widely accepted. The aim of this study was to the analysis of steroid receptor status in breast cancer with clinic pathological characteristics.Methods: In the present study, immunohistochemical assay of two hundred tumor block of patients of breast carcinoma was performed to know the hormone receptor status as well as histological examination. Results: 150 samples were grouped to study hormonal status and their relation with clinic-pathological factors. The results in the present study documented the 42.3 %, 37.6 % and 56.2 % expression rate of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (Her2/neu) (. The negative expression of ER, PR receptors found higher (57.7 %, 62.4 % respectively). However, Her2/neu positive expression found higher than negative expression (43.8 %). An inverse correlation of Her2/neu expression with ER and PR expression was observed (p=0.007). A significant association of tumor size was observed with ER and PR expression (p=0.02 & p=0.04 respectively). However, no statistically significant association was observed between Her2/neu expression and tumor size (p=0.84).<4 positive lymph nodes showed more no reactivity of the receptors (ER, PR & Her2/neu) than>4 positive lymph nodes. No significant association of lymph node status and histological types was found with receptor expression.Conclusion: In conclusion further functional analyzes of ER, PR and Her2 receptors are needed to investigate the effects of compounds in inhibiting cancer in humans.Keywords: Breast carcinoma, Estrogen, Her-2/neu receptor, Immunohistochemistry, ProgesteroneÂ

Ossified pterygo-spinous ligament: incidence and clinico-anatomical relevance in the adult human skulls of North India

Study of skulls has attracted the attention of anatomists since ages and sporadic attempts have been made to study skulls from time-to-time. Talking about the pterygoid processes of sphenoid bone, the irregular posterior border of lateral pterygoid plate usually presents, towards its upper part, a pterygo-spinous process, from which the pterygo-spinous ligament extends backwards and laterally to the spine of sphenoid. This ligament sometimes gets ossified as pterygo-spinous bar and a foramen is then formed named pterygo-spinous foramen, for the passage of muscular branches of mandibular nerve. The present study was undertaken to observe the incidence and status of pterygo-spinous bony bridge and foramen, its variations and clinical relevance in the adult human skulls of North India. For this purpose, 50 skulls were observed, pterygo-spinous bars were found to be present in 7 skulls, out of which completely ossified pterygo-spinous bony bridges were present in 2 skulls while 5 skulls had incompletely ossified pterygo-spinous ligaments. Such variations are of clinical significance for radiologists, neurologists, maxillo-facial & dental surgeons and anaesthetists, too

An effective feature selection using improved marine predators algorithm for Alzheimer’s disease classification

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an irremediable neurodegenerative illness developed by the fast deterioration of brain cells. AD is mostly common in elder people and it extremely disturbs the physical and mental health of patients, therefore early detection is essential to prevent AD development. However, the precise detection of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is difficult during classification. In this paper, the Residual network i.e., ResNet-18 is used for extracting the features, and the proposed improved marine predators algorithm (IMPA) is developed for choosing the optimum features to perform an effective classification of AD. The multi-verse optimizer (MVO) used in the IMPA helps to balance exploration and exploitation, which leads to the selection of optimal relevant features. Further, the classification of AD is accomplished using the multiclass support vector machine (MSVM). Open access series of imaging studies-1 (OASIS-1) and Alzheimer disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI) datasets are used to evaluate the IMPA-MSVM method. The performance of the IMPA-MSVM method is analyzed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The existing methods such as the deep learning-based segmenting method using SegNet (DLSS), mish activation function (MAF) with spatial transformer network (STN) and BrainNet2D are used to evaluate the IMPA-MSVM method. The accuracy of IMPA-MSVM for the ADNI dataset is 98.43% which is more when compared to the DLSS and MAF-STN